Terms
Ming Dynasty - the first dynasty to return China to the Chinese
Ch'eng Tsu - powerful Chinese emperor who carried arms to new parts of the world
Chu Hsi - unorthodox thinker who tried to overthrow the Confucian orthodoxy, experience should be the test of truth
Dalai Lama - spiritual leader of Tibet who resisted Chinese incursion
Academy of Letters - Ming intellectual establishment who codified learning, led reaction against all things foreign
Manchu - dynasty which replaced the Ming and carried on into 20th century
Kowtow - part of the elaborate court ceremony under the Ming
Ming Dynasty - 1368-1644, looked back on Tan dynasty as ideal
Hung-wu - first emperor was a renegade monk
1403 - Zhu Di began his reign by killing his nephew, for whom he was regent, in a fire
1405-1433 Chinese armadas sailed all the way to Hormuz
1371-1433 Cheng Ho, court eunuch who led expedition
19 different states agreed to pay annual tribute to China (Mecca included)
5 expeditions into Gobi Desert to pursue the Mongols
Treaties with border tribes encouraging them to fight Mongols
Kowtow - involved kneeling 3 times, touching head to ground 9 times, presenting gifts to emperor
1449 - Expedition against Mongols - Emperor was captured and later released
1470-1550 - Renewed conflict with Mongols, overran Great Wall in 1550
1571 - signed peace treaty with Chinese
Chinese and Japanese pirates - locals burned everything prior to raids to make them less profitable
3rd commercial revolution - opened land that had been abandoned during Mongol rule
Rice crop twice a year
Population grew rapidly
Progress in porcelain, silk weaving
Money supply increased with silver from Spanish, increased price of land
Adopted the putting out system - people worked in homes to turn raw materials into finished goods
Private banks began to appear
Late Imperial China - emporer and empire were direct extensions of the family
Confucius, Buddha, and Laozi
Matteo Ricci - 1552-1610 Jesuit priest dispatched to China, brought Christianity back to China, rejected Buddhism but accepted Confucianism
jinshi - doctoral degree, issued honor roll
1715, 1742 Papacy issue bulls that forbade Chinese-Christian participation in ancestor worship
Ming and late Manchu policy segregated foreigners
Manchus entered to help restore order, then seized power, remained in power until 1912
Kangxi - first Qing emperor
P'u-i - last emperor in 1909
Dalai Lama - lama of all withing the seas
1700s - continued invasion and rebellion in Tibet
Great Wall - repaired by the Ming 1403-1435
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